资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
法澳联合声明插手台海问题 专家:会进一步加剧地区形势复杂性****** 【环球时报驻法国、澳大利亚特派、特约记者 于超凡 达乔 环球时报报道 记者赵霜 张晗】澳大利亚与法国“2+2”部长级会谈1月31日发表联合声明,表示两国将共同为乌克兰提供数千发155毫米口径炮弹。同时,联合声明提到法澳在印太地区的合作,并将台海问题列入其中。接受《环球时报》记者采访的专家认为,法澳联合声明中涉中国表述的增加,是对美国盟友身份的再次宣示。在美国因素和乌克兰危机的影响下,法澳两国试图作为“印太地区的重要国家”在安全领域发挥影响,应该以促进区域合作、维护地区稳定为目标,硬扯上台海局势对两国及地区而言都是有害无益。 据路透社1月31日报道,正在法国访问的澳大利亚副总理兼国防部长马尔斯和外交部长黄英贤与法国国防部长勒科尔尼及外交部长科隆纳举行了“2+2”部长级会谈。除了重点探讨的法澳联合生产“数千发”155毫米炮弹,印太地区防务合作也是主要议题之一。澳大利亚国防部长马尔斯表示,“(法澳)双边关系正在升温”,期待两国国防军事伙伴关系更加深入,在印太地区进行更多的联合演习和军事合作。法国近年来一直谋求通过与地区国家合作来加强其在印太地区的军事存在。 澳大利亚《时代报》报道称,马尔斯提出法国是澳大利亚在太平洋地区最近的邻国之一,法国海外领地法属新喀里多尼亚和澳大利亚诺福克岛之间的距离不到700公里。他说:“法国是印太地区的自由民主国家,它拥有一个由全球规则秩序管理的全球愿景。”“从这个意义上说,作为我们最亲密的邻国,法国确实处于澳大利亚与世界上任何国家之间关系的最顶端。” 不过,澳媒称,两国在国防合作上仍存在分歧。法国仍寄希望在澳大利亚从英美获得核潜艇前能够向澳出口常规动力潜艇。对此,马尔斯给出了否定的答案。 在会后发布的联合声明中,双方在对乌军援、生态转型、军事合作等方面达成一致。除此之外,声明大篇幅谈到法澳在印太地区的合作,包括供应链安全、海上安全、气候变化等领域,以及重申支持东盟的中心地位和东盟主导的区域架构。此外,声明还在“印太地区”部分罕见地谈及台海问题,强调台海和平与稳定的重要性,呼吁在不使用武力或胁迫的情况下,通过对话和平解决两岸问题;重申共同反对单方面改变现状;承诺共同努力支持台湾有意义地参与“国家资格不是先决条件”的国际组织的工作;重申继续深化与台湾在经济、科学、贸易、技术和文化领域的关系。 此外,声明还写道:“部长们认识到,在应对气候变化、保护生物多样性、粮食安全和减免最脆弱国家的债务等共同关心的全球问题上,与中国继续合作至关重要。” 华东师范大学澳大利亚研究中心主任陈弘1月31日接受《环球时报》记者采访时表示,法澳联合声明此次对中国相关问题的表述与以往相比有所增加,增加的内容与美西方营造的舆论相同,相当于按照美国的剧本宣示自己的立场。然而,澳大利亚虽然有它的利益关切或战略考虑,但不能有损于中国的核心利益。 陈弘说,美国在推出“印太战略”后,一直希望将欧洲的力量引入印太地区,作为该地区重要国家的澳大利亚起到了跳板作用。他举例说,马尔斯接下来要去美国,黄英贤也有其他欧洲行程,在这期间,除了乌克兰问题,另一重点就是将欧洲一些力量引入印太地区。 中国国际问题研究院欧洲所所长崔洪建告诉《环球时报》记者,从双边的角度来讲,法国和澳大利亚希望通过此次“2+2”部长级会谈进一步缓和受“奥库斯”影响的双边关系;从法国方面来说,则期望通过加强和澳大利亚的关系来推进它的“印太战略”。在该背景下,法澳联合声明谈到台湾问题,是要表示对台海局势的关注。在这一点上,法国和澳大利亚都受到美国、乌克兰危机的影响,两国认为,作为印太地区的重要国家,他们需要保持对该地区安全的影响力。 不过,崔洪建强调,法国以及一些推出了“印太战略”的国家要搞协调但不能拿所谓“台海紧张局势”当借口。在涉台问题上不负责任的表态不仅会给这些国家的对华关系造成干扰,还会进一步加剧地区形势的复杂性。(环球时报) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |